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		<doi>10.3390/rs12030430</doi>
		<issn>2072-4292</issn>
		<citationkey>MouraBGDESGBOS:2020:CaStUs</citationkey>
		<title>Carbon dynamics in a human-modified tropical forest: a case study using multi-temporal LiDAR data</title>
		<year>2020</year>
		<month>feb.</month>
		<typeofwork>journal article</typeofwork>
		<secondarytype>PRE PI</secondarytype>
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		<author>Moura, Yhasmin Mendes de,</author>
		<author>Balzter, Heiko,</author>
		<author>Galvão, Lênio Soares,</author>
		<author>Dalagnol da Silva, Ricardo,</author>
		<author>Espírito-Santo, Fernando,</author>
		<author>Santos, Erone G.,</author>
		<author>Garcia, Mariano,</author>
		<author>Bispo, Polyanna da Conceição,</author>
		<author>Oliveira Júnior, Raimundo C.,</author>
		<author>Shimabukuro, Yosio Edemir,</author>
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		<affiliation>University of Leicester</affiliation>
		<affiliation>University of Leicester</affiliation>
		<affiliation>Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais (INPE)</affiliation>
		<affiliation>Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais (INPE)</affiliation>
		<affiliation>University of Leicester</affiliation>
		<affiliation>University of Helsinki</affiliation>
		<affiliation>Universidad de Alcalá</affiliation>
		<affiliation>University of Manchester</affiliation>
		<affiliation>Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária (EMBRAPA)</affiliation>
		<affiliation>Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais (INPE)</affiliation>
		<electronicmailaddress></electronicmailaddress>
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		<electronicmailaddress>lenio.galvao@inpe.br</electronicmailaddress>
		<electronicmailaddress>ricardo.silva@inpe.br</electronicmailaddress>
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		<electronicmailaddress>yosio.shimabukuro@inpe.br</electronicmailaddress>
		<journal>Remote Sensing</journal>
		<volume>12</volume>
		<number>3</number>
		<pages>e430</pages>
		<secondarymark>B3_GEOGRAFIA B3_ENGENHARIAS_I B4_GEOCIÊNCIAS B4_CIÊNCIAS_AMBIENTAIS B5_CIÊNCIAS_AGRÁRIAS_I</secondarymark>
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		<keywords>airborne LiDAR, Amazon forest, aboveground carbon, canopy height, forest disturbance.</keywords>
		<abstract>Tropical forests hold significant amounts of carbon and play a critical role on Earth ' s climate system. To date, carbon dynamics over tropical forests have been poorly assessed, especially over vast areas of the tropics that have been affected by some type of disturbance (e.g., selective logging, understory fires, and fragmentation). Understanding the multi-temporal dynamics of carbon stocks over human-modified tropical forests (HMTF) is crucial to close the carbon cycle balance in the tropics. Here, we used multi-temporal and high-spatial resolution airborne LiDAR data to quantify rates of carbon dynamics over a large patch of HMTF in eastern Amazon, Brazil. We described a robust approach to monitor changes in aboveground forest carbon stocks between 2012 and 2018. Our results showed that this particular HMTF lost 0.57 myr(-1) in mean forest canopy height and 1.38 MgCha(-1)yr(-1) of forest carbon between 2012 and 2018. LiDAR-based estimates of Aboveground Carbon Density (ACD) showed progressive loss through the years, from 77.9 MgCha(-1) in 2012 to 53.1 MgCha(-1) in 2018, thus a decrease of 31.8%. Rates of carbon stock changes were negative for all time intervals analyzed, yielding average annual carbon loss rates of -1.34 MgCha(-1)yr(-1). This suggests that this HMTF is acting more as a source of carbon than a sink, having great negative implications for carbon emission scenarios in tropical forests. Although more studies of forest dynamics in HMTFs are necessary to reduce the current remaining uncertainties in the carbon cycle, our results highlight the persistent effects of carbon losses for the study area. HMTFs are likely to expand across the Amazon in the near future. The resultant carbon source conditions, directly associated with disturbances, may be essential when considering climate projections and carbon accounting methods.</abstract>
		<area>SRE</area>
		<language>en</language>
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		<url>http://mtc-m21c.sid.inpe.br/rep-/sid.inpe.br/mtc-m21c/2020/03.16.11.30</url>
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